JCMS

There is a widespread consensus in the literature that the European Union’s (EU) Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) is dominated by the Council of the European Union (hereinafter: the Council) and the European Council. The EU Treaties secure the privileged position of the Member States in this policy area through the Council/European Council and […]

Opinions on the European Union (EU) cannot easily be put on the commonly used left-right spectrum. Take the Yellow vests, for example, who are explicitly Eurosceptic but do not affiliate themselves with specific political leanings, or take the constituencies of pro-EU parties, who are by far not always enthusiastic about the EU.

The 2007-9 financial crisis and the subsequent Eurozone debt crisis posed an existential threat to the single currency and even the European project as a whole. Financial imbalances that had built up in the decade were at the heart of both crises.

Despite taking significant steps to comply with the Copenhagen criteria after receiving the candidate-country status in 1999, Turkey has also been undergoing such a process of de-Europeanization, gradually moving away from European norms, values, and policy demands in various policy areas, including gender policy.

European Union (EU) leaders introduced the bloc’s most comprehensive plans yet to combat climate change.